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May 24, 2013

18

学物理将来会很穷吗?

作者: physixfan

本文很俗,谈的是钱的问题。

不知道为什么,人们似乎都觉得学物理的将来一定是清贫的。无论是学物理的人开玩笑地自黑还是家长考虑给孩子选专业的时候,甚至是北大招生组在专业介绍的时候,总是把学物理将来赚不到什么钱作为一个基本事实似的。可是为什么会这样?实际上根本不是这么回事啊!事实到底如此,我们得靠统计数据说话。不多说了,下面直接贴各专业收入的统计数据,因为中国没有这种数据,所以只能贴美国的:

(1) Majors by Salary Potential – Full List:

Rank
Major
Starting Salary
Mid-career Salary
1
Petroleum
$98,000
$163,000
2
Aerospace Engineering
$62,500
$118,000
3
Actuarial Mathematics
$56,100
$112,000
4
Chemical Engineering
$67,500
$111,000
5
Nuclear Engineering
$66,800
$107,000
6
Electrical Engineering (EE)
$63,400
$106,000
7
Computer Engineering (CE)
$62,700
$105,000
8
Applied Mathematics
$50,800
$102,000
9
Computer Science (CS)
$58,400
$100,000
10
Statistics
$49,300
$99,500
11
Physics
$51,200
$99,100
12
Mechanical Engineering (ME)
$60,100
$98,400
13
Biomedical Engineering (BME)
$54,900
$98,200
14
Government
$42,000
$95,600
15
Economics
$48,500
$94,900
16
International Relations
$40,600
$93,000
17
Materials Science & Engineering
$60,100
$91,900
18
Industrial Engineering (IE)
$59,900
$91,200
19
Software Engineering
$59,100
$90,700
20
Environmental Engineering
$47,900
$89,700
21
Geology
$45,000
$89,400
22
Civil Engineering (CE)
$53,800
$88,800
23
Management Information Systems (MIS)
$51,600
$88,600
24
Biochemistry (BCH)
$43,200
$88,500
25
Chemistry
$44,700
$87,500
26
Electrical Engineering Technology (EET)
$58,400
$86,900
27
Information Systems (IS)
$50,900
$86,700
28
Construction Management
$49,500
$86,100
29
Mathematics
$48,500
$85,800
30
Finance
$47,700
$85,400
31
Molecular Biology
$40,100
$84,900
32
Computer Information Systems (CIS)
$49,000
$84,800
33
Mechanical Engineering Technology (MET)
$52,900
$83,400
34
Biotechnology
$41,400
$82,800
35
Information Technology (IT)
$48,900
$81,700
36
Industrial Technology (IT)
$49,700
$81,300
37
Food Science
$44,000
$81,100
38
Civil Engineering Technology (CET)
$49,500
$80,500
39
Industrial Design (ID)
$43,600
$80,300
40
Urban Planning
$39,000
$79,900
41
Advertising
$37,800
$77,100
42 – tie
Film Production
$37,500
$76,700
42 – tie
Supply Chain Management
$50,500
$76,700
44 – tie
Marketing Management
$40,700
$76,600
44 – tie
Telecommunications
$41,600
$76,600
44 – tie
International Business
$42,500
$76,600
47
Global & International Studies
$40,200
$76,500
48
Microbiology
$39,700
$76,200
49
Occupational Health and Safety
$49,600
$76,000
50
Classics
$35,300
$75,900
51
Architecture
$41,900
$75,200
52
Linguistics
$38,300
$74,900
53
Political Science (PolySci)
$40,300
$74,700
54
Accounting
$44,300
$74,500
55
Marketing & Communications
$39,100
$73,900
56
Environmental Science
$39,800
$73,600
57
American Studies
$40,900
$72,800
58
Philosophy
$38,300
$72,600
59
Biology
$39,100
$72,200
60
Literature
$39,200
$72,000
61 – tie
History
$39,000
$70,200
61 – tie
Nursing
$54,100
$70,200
63
Business
$41,400
$70,000
64
Zoology
$36,500
$69,700
65
Agriculture
$38,000
$69,300
66
Health Sciences
$39,000
$68,700
67
German
$41,300
$68,500
68
Communications
$38,900
$68,400
69
Geography
$39,800
$67,400
70
Landscape Architecture
$40,600
$66,300
71
Spanish
$35,900
$65,900
72
Hotel Management
$40,400
$65,800
73 – tie
English
$38,100
$65,500
73 – tie
Forestry
$42,000
$65,500
75
French
$39,500
$65,100
76
Public Relations (PR)
$36,500
$65,000
77
Multimedia and Web Design
$40,500
$64,900
78
Journalism
$36,800
$64,700
79 – tie
Speech Communication
$38,700
$64,400
79 – tie
Radio & Television
$35,900
$64,400
81
Fashion Design
$36,300
$63,900
82
Liberal Arts
$35,300
$62,500
83
Hospitality & Tourism
$36,400
$62,300
84
Anthropology
$36,000
$61,400
85
Human Resources (HR)
$39,200
$61,200
86 – tie
Medical Technology
$49,600
$60,200
86 – tie
Psychology
$35,200
$60,200
88
Humanities
$35,600
$60,100
89
Public Administration
$41,500
$59,700
90
Drama
$39,300
$58,900
91
Visual Communication
$36,700
$58,700
92 – tie
Religious Studies
$34,900
$58,400
92 – tie
Organizational Management (OM)
$40,700
$58,400
94
Broadcasting
$31,800
$58,300
95
Fashion Merchandising
$37,600
$58,100
96
Nutrition
$40,600
$57,900
97
Health Care Administration
$39,600
$57,800
98
Sports Management
$35,300
$57,600
99
Interior Design
$35,300
$57,500
100 – tie
Art
$34,400
$56,700
100 – tie
Criminal Justice
$35,200
$56,700
100 – tie
Sociology
$36,000
$56,700
103
Social Science
$37,600
$56,300
104
Kinesiology
$34,100
$56,000
105 – tie
Photography
$35,700
$55,600
105 – tie
Theater
$33,200
$55,600
107
Graphic Design
$35,500
$55,500
108
Recreation & Leisure Studies
$34,900
$55,300
109
Horticulture
$36,800
$55,100
110
Education
$37,200
$55,000
111
Exercise Science
$31,300
$54,400
112
Dietetics
$44,100
$54,300
113
Art History
$36,400
$54,000
114
Physical Education
$33,400
$53,900
115
Fine Arts
$31,800
$53,700
116
Animal Science
$33,300
$53,200
117
Paralegal/Law
$36,500
$52,100
118
Public Health (PH)
$35,000
$51,300
119
Music
$34,600
$51,100
120 – tie
Biblical Studies
$32,500
$51,000
120 – tie
Interdisciplinary Studies (IS)
$37,500
$51,000
122
Theology
$32,400
$50,700
123
Sports Medicine
$35,700
$50,300
124
Athletic Training
$34,400
$49,800
125
Culinary Arts
$31,000
$49,700
126
Special Education
$33,900
$48,900
127
Human Development
$33,100
$47,800
128
Elementary Education
$31,400
$46,000
129
Social Work (SW)
$33,100
$45,300
130
Child and Family Studies
$29,300
$37,700

(该数据来自http://www.payscale.com/college-salary-report-2013/majors-that-pay-you-back

这张表格是按照本科专业来统计的收入排名。从这张很大的表格来看,物理排在第11位,已经是属于非常靠前的专业了!请自行查找例如经济、金融、法律等专业的排名进行对比。

 

(2)  Majors by Mid-Career 90th Percentile Salary:

Undergraduate Major Starting Median Salary Mid-Career Median Salary Percent change from Starting to Mid-Career Salary Mid-Career 10th Percentile Salary Mid-Career 25th Percentile Salary Mid-Career 75th Percentile Salary Mid-Career 90th Percentile Salary  ↑
Economics $50,100.00 $98,600.00 96.8 $50,600.00 $70,600.00 $145,000.00 $210,000.00
Finance $47,900.00 $88,300.00 84.3 $47,200.00 $62,100.00 $128,000.00 $195,000.00
Chemical Engineering $63,200.00 $107,000.00 69.3 $71,900.00 $87,300.00 $143,000.00 $194,000.00
Math $45,400.00 $92,400.00 103.5 $45,200.00 $64,200.00 $128,000.00 $183,000.00
Physics  $50,300.00  $97,300.00  93.4  $56,000.00  $74,200.00  $132,000.00  $178,000.00 
Marketing $40,800.00 $79,600.00 95.1 $42,100.00 $55,600.00 $119,000.00 $175,000.00
Industrial Engineering $57,700.00 $94,700.00 64.1 $57,100.00 $72,300.00 $132,000.00 $173,000.00
Construction $53,700.00 $88,900.00 65.5 $56,300.00 $68,100.00 $118,000.00 $171,000.00
Electrical Engineering $60,900.00 $103,000.00 69.1 $69,300.00 $83,800.00 $130,000.00 $168,000.00
Political Science $40,800.00 $78,200.00 91.7 $41,200.00 $55,300.00 $114,000.00 $168,000.00
Philosophy $39,900.00 $81,200.00 103.5 $35,500.00 $52,800.00 $127,000.00 $168,000.00
Mechanical Engineering $57,900.00 $93,600.00 61.7 $63,700.00 $76,200.00 $120,000.00 $163,000.00
Computer Engineering $61,400.00 $105,000.00 71.0 $66,100.00 $84,100.00 $135,000.00 $162,000.00
Aerospace Engineering $57,700.00 $101,000.00 75.0 $64,300.00 $82,100.00 $127,000.00 $161,000.00
International Relations $40,900.00 $80,900.00 97.8 $38,200.00 $56,000.00 $111,000.00 $157,000.00
Geology $43,500.00 $79,500.00 82.8 $45,000.00 $59,600.00 $101,000.00 $156,000.00
Computer Science $55,900.00 $95,500.00 70.8 $56,000.00 $74,900.00 $122,000.00 $154,000.00
Drama $35,900.00 $56,900.00 58.5 $36,700.00 $41,300.00 $79,100.00 $153,000.00
Accounting $46,000.00 $77,100.00 67.6 $42,200.00 $56,100.00 $108,000.00 $152,000.00
Agriculture $42,600.00 $71,900.00 68.8 $36,300.00 $52,100.00 $96,300.00 $150,000.00
History $39,200.00 $71,000.00 81.1 $37,000.00 $49,200.00 $103,000.00 $149,000.00
Chemistry $42,600.00 $79,900.00 87.6 $45,300.00 $60,700.00 $108,000.00 $148,000.00
Civil Engineering $53,900.00 $90,500.00 67.9 $63,400.00 $75,100.00 $115,000.00 $148,000.00
Business Management $43,000.00 $72,100.00 67.7 $38,800.00 $51,500.00 $102,000.00 $147,000.00
Management Information Systems $49,200.00 $82,300.00 67.3 $45,300.00 $60,500.00 $108,000.00 $146,000.00
Journalism $35,600.00 $66,700.00 87.4 $38,400.00 $48,300.00 $97,700.00 $145,000.00
Communications $38,100.00 $70,000.00 83.7 $37,500.00 $49,700.00 $98,800.00 $143,000.00
Anthropology $36,800.00 $61,500.00 67.1 $33,800.00 $45,500.00 $89,300.00 $138,000.00
Film $37,900.00 $68,500.00 80.7 $33,900.00 $45,500.00 $100,000.00 $136,000.00
Architecture $41,600.00 $76,800.00 84.6 $50,600.00 $62,200.00 $97,000.00 $136,000.00
Biology $38,800.00 $64,800.00 67.0 $36,900.00 $47,400.00 $94,500.00 $135,000.00
Music $35,900.00 $55,000.00 53.2 $26,700.00 $40,200.00 $88,000.00 $134,000.00
English $38,000.00 $64,700.00 70.3 $33,400.00 $44,800.00 $93,200.00 $133,000.00
Geography $41,200.00 $65,500.00 59.0 $40,000.00 $50,000.00 $90,800.00 $132,000.00
Information Technology (IT) $49,100.00 $74,800.00 52.3 $44,500.00 $56,700.00 $96,700.00 $129,000.00
Psychology $35,900.00 $60,400.00 68.2 $31,600.00 $42,100.00 $87,500.00 $127,000.00
Art History $35,800.00 $64,900.00 81.3 $28,800.00 $42,200.00 $87,400.00 $125,000.00
Physician Assistant $74,300.00 $91,700.00 23.4 $66,400.00 $75,200.00 $108,000.00 $124,000.00
Hospitality & Tourism $37,800.00 $57,500.00 52.1 $35,500.00 $43,600.00 $81,900.00 $124,000.00
Sociology $36,500.00 $58,200.00 59.5 $30,700.00 $40,400.00 $81,200.00 $118,000.00
Graphic Design $35,700.00 $59,800.00 67.5 $36,000.00 $45,500.00 $80,800.00 $112,000.00
Forestry $39,100.00 $62,600.00 60.1 $41,000.00 $49,300.00 $78,200.00 $111,000.00
Interior Design $36,100.00 $53,200.00 47.4 $35,700.00 $42,600.00 $72,500.00 $107,000.00
Criminal Justice $35,000.00 $56,300.00 60.9 $32,200.00 $41,600.00 $80,700.00 $107,000.00
Education $34,900.00 $52,000.00 49.0 $29,300.00 $37,900.00 $73,400.00 $102,000.00
Health Care Administration $38,800.00 $60,600.00 56.2 $34,600.00 $45,600.00 $78,800.00 $101,000.00
Nutrition $39,900.00 $55,300.00 38.6 $33,900.00 $44,500.00 $70,500.00 $99,200.00
Nursing $54,200.00 $67,000.00 23.6 $47,600.00 $56,400.00 $80,900.00 $98,300.00
Religion $34,100.00 $52,000.00 52.5 $29,700.00 $36,500.00 $70,900.00 $96,400.00
Spanish $34,000.00 $53,100.00 56.2 $31,000.00 $40,000.00 $76,800.00 $96,400.00

(该数据来自:http://online.wsj.com/public/resources/documents/info-Degrees_that_Pay_you_Back-sort.html

各专业内部的人水平是参差不齐的,因此有必要对各个专业的各个百分比做一个统计。上面的链接就可以自己选择百分比进行排序,本文只粘贴了按照top10%的人的排序。可以看出,这时经济、金融、市场等专业的排名立刻就上来了,但是,物理仍然位居高位。所以,你只要是按照一个固定的百分比去比,物理人的收入根本不比金融人差多少。不要把物理人的top10%去和华尔街投行搞金融的那些只占行业里连1%都不到的人比收入就行了。

 

(3)Employees with a Doctorate (PhD), Physics Degree

Screen Shot 2013-05-24 at 9.12.03 PM

(该数据来自:http://www.payscale.com/research/US/Degree=Doctorate_(PhD)%2c_Physics/Salary )

这张图显示了一个物理博士毕业之后大概能找到什么样的工作,以及收入是多少。大家肯定都觉得找到一个教职(Professor)是很难很难的事情,但是看这张表就可以看到,即使找不到教职,其他的较低的职位,例如Research Scientist, Staff Scientist之类的职位,收入也并不低,在美国生活的很好绝对是没有问题的。

而且读物理的话,只要学得好,去美国读博士期间就可以拿不少的奖学金了,换成人民币来看的话绝对不少。就算不换算成人民币,只看购买力,你看美国物理博士有哪个买不起好的电子产品或者买不起车的?

所以我就不明白了,为什么总有人觉得读物理会很穷。我觉得这种舆论对喜欢物理的高中孩子绝对不是好事,很有可能有本来喜欢物理的孩子迫于家长的压力或者迫于家庭条件而不选择物理,选择其他更“赚钱”的行业。殊不知物理本身给人的金钱回报都一点也不低。

所以希望大家从我做起,宣传一下读物理绝对不会穷的事实,改变这种社会对物理人的偏见!

 

 

 

 

 

Read more from Ideas
18 Comments Post a comment
  1. sikisis
    May 24 2013

    顶!

    Reply
  2. 阿弋聆风
    May 24 2013

    要是没混到美利坚的话,那不就惨了

    Reply
  3. T Z
    May 25 2013

    那在国内呢?

    Reply
  4. May 25 2013

    第一张表里的经济学还排在物理的后面,感觉不太对劲

    Reply
    • May 25 2013

      经济学出了名没工作的。。这里结果还行就是被某些名校拉高了吧

      Reply
    • May 25 2013

      其实要理解这个现象也不难 应该是经济这种专业 即使是很弱的学校也开 大量的很弱的人拉低了平均水平…看90 percent的就高上去了嘛~

      Reply
  5. May 25 2013

    化学和化学工程牢牢压在物理的头上,这让我很欣慰。

    Reply
  6. tyrael
    May 27 2013

    这个吧。。。还是分国家的。而且按照CCAV的套路来说就是国情不同。。。

    Reply
  7. 老生
    May 28 2013

    第二章表比的是本科的专业。本科专业和将来的职业的领域,没有必然关系吧。

    Reply
  8. YTed
    May 30 2013

    其实主要是因为学习物理的学生本身就是很优秀的人吧……

    Reply
  9. May 31 2013

    始终觉得搞科技就像搞实业,永远不会过时,搞金融现在确实很赚,但是钱生钱的游戏早晚会有个头。

    Reply
  10. fdsfdsfasfafasfasf
    Jun 12 2013

    这是美国的数据啊,另外,做物理的很多都有外快,所以工资才高,例如MIT的叫兽“正职”是商人,专门去倒闭公司回收专利然后让学生把这个专利的潜能开发出来的

    Reply
  11. complexize
    Jun 16 2013

    两岸猿声啼不住,隔江讨论自由度商女不知亡国恨,至今犹唱相对论天若有情天亦老,人学物理死得早垂死病中惊坐起,千万不敢学物理

    Reply
  12. Jun 16 2013

    mark

    Reply
  13. Wang Qiang
    Mar 20 2015

    嗯嗯

    Reply
  14. Salas
    Oct 1 2015

    谢谢!一直以来都爱物理

    Reply
  15. HardcorePhysician
    Jul 21 2019

    顶!

    Reply

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